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A Discussion of Product
Liability and Safety
Product liability has been a major factor in the general
aviation marketplace in recent years. Manufacturers were forced to carry
huge liability policies and the premiums accounted for a major portion of
the aircraft price. This made single engine aircraft too expensive for the
average pilot and limited the profits of the manufacturers. The result was
a virtual cessation of single engine aircraft sales and slowing sales of
all general aviation aircraft. Recently, new legislation was enacted that
reduced liability concerns for manufacturers. The re-opening of production
lines has resulted in tremendous sales growth.
In contrast to the dark days experienced by certified
manufacturers, there has been steady growth of the kit aircraft market. By
avoiding the liability of delivering a complete aircraft, kit
manufacturers have largely escaped the pursuit of frivolous litigation. In
fact, no kit manufacturer has ever been found liable as a result of a
kit incident. When a certified manufacturer delivers a complete
certificated aircraft, they have been indirectly warranting every aspect
of the aircraft for the life of the vehicle. A kit manufacturer is not
required or assumed to make any such airworthiness claim. The builder is
the legally registered manufacturer and the kit producer is merely
supplying materials. Regardless of the legal basis, defending civil suits
is still expensive. The best answer is to avoid suits altogether.
The best way to avoid liability suits is to make a very
safe product. A clean safety record and customer testimonials will help
support a conclusion that the plaintiff was to blame for any unfortunate
occurrence. But we will go further. All design features will be in
conformance with the requirements for certified airplanes. The relatively
large wing (compared to other high performance kits) and low landing speed
will allow the pilot who forgot to fill-up before flying out over
inhospitable terrain to survive the ensuing forced landing. Redundant
control schemes will allow for otherwise flight critical failures to be
non-critical. The structure is designed not only for maximum flight loads
but also includes energy absorption provisions for enhanced
crashworthiness. (This will be tested and used for marketing as well) Many
other safety features are included to completely eliminate the possibility
of accidental wing folding in flight and make the design as idiot-proof as
possible.
In the event that someone would choose to sue, it is
important to win. The first line of defense against a suit is the above
mentioned safety record. Some lawyer may still want to argue that the
parts were defective by gross negligence. That's why a comprehensive
quality assurance and documentation procedure will be strictly followed.
All parts will be manufactured to a controlled, tested and approved
specification. Process monitors will be in place to monitor cure times and
temperatures and insure compliance. Every part will be inspected and
documented. Selected flight critical parts such as wing spars and folding
joints will be pre-assembled and load tested prior to leaving the factory.
Finally, non-tested composite parts such as wing skins will include three
test coupons in the manufacturing process. One coupon from every part will
be factory tested to insure proper material properties and stored
indefinitely with the test results. The other two coupons will be stored
in separate locations as redundant evidence of part quality in the event
of future litigation. We will be able to present undeniable proof that all
parts are flightworthy and manufacturing negligence is preposterous. The
only reasonable conclusion for the jury is that the builder or pilot must
have caused the failure.
The web that ties this all together is testing. Before
the first customer receives his kit, we will be convinced that design is
free from defects or safety hazards. We will have built a complete
aircraft following our own directions, with all parts built and tested to
production standards. We will have thoroughly flight tested all conditions
and even tested the structure to the point of destruction. We will be sure
that the public understands our quality commitment. We will leave no doubt
that Synergy is built safe. |